Dia­betes Meli­tus Type II

With an esti­mated half bil­lion obese peo­ple world­wide and another bil­lion over­weight, obe­sity is one of the most press­ing health chal­lenges of our time. A pri­mary com­pli­ca­tion in obe­sity is dia­betes mel­li­tus type 2 (DM2), a dis­ease of which the preva­lence is increas­ing with a wor­ry­ing speed in many coun­tries, includ­ing Croatia.

DM2 is char­ac­ter­ized by chronic high blood glu­cose lev­els and insulin resis­tance (IR), but also with chronic low-​grade sys­temic inflam­ma­tion. This inflam­ma­tion is thought to be an impor­tant under­ly­ing cause of insulin resis­tance and an inducer of the most life-​threatening patholo­gies of DM2.

Treat­ment of DM2 cur­rently pri­mar­ily focuses on reduc­ing blood glu­cose lev­els and con­ven­tional ther­apy gen­er­ally only leads to sta­bi­liza­tion of dis­ease. Unfor­tu­nately, improve­ment of DM2-​associated clin­i­cal com­pli­ca­tions is accom­plished only in a minor­ity of DM2 patients. There­fore, tar­get­ing the under­ly­ing cause of sys­temic inflam­ma­tion holds much promise for future therapies.